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What Is Blues?
Often sad, lonely, and mournful, but in other cases fully energized and bursting with electric-guitar-fueled vigor, blues is one of the most powerful, influential, and popular musical styles to have risen during the last few centuries. Its origins are based in Africa, and it arrived on American shores during the slave trade. It's a music strongly associated with the American South, where field hollers, spirituals, and folk stories turned into full-fledged songs, with banjo and then guitar and piano as their main accompaniment. The song structure is simple--much of classic blues is based around a three-chord, 12-bar progression that leaves room for boundless improvisation--and it serves as a foundation for much of today's popular music. Acoustic country blues, often from the Mississippi Delta, blossomed during the 1920s, while during the '40s the electric guitar took the music in wild new directions (including north to Chicago). Today it's still being picked on the front porches of tar-paper shacks, but it's just as frequently fired up loud and proud in front of a barroom (or for that matter stadium) crowd. In either case, though, it remains a music that reflects hardship, trouble, and strife, but also perseverence and strength of character--to know the blues is to be in touch with your true spirit and soul.
Notable Artists: Robert Johnson, Skip James, Muddy Waters, B.B. King
What Is Jazz?
Mix the soul of blues, the harmony of classical music, the rhythmic complexity of African music and the melodic improvisational qualities of Indian music, and you'll get somewhere near what has become one of the truest and most original art forms America has created. Jazz grew out of ragtime and blues music at the beginning of the 20th century, and has continued to develop under the guidance of visionaries such as Duke Ellington, Miles Davis, and Herbie Hancock, influencing classical, rock, and hip-hop music as well as contemporary art and literature. While it started as dance music, jazz has developed many offshoots that are meant to be listened to closely, with intensely intricate improvisations and complex rhythms justified by a natural, inherent swing.
Notable Artists: Louis Armstrong, Miles Davis, John Coltrane
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